viewBox

SVG Elements
1. A
2. B-C
3. D
  1. <defs>
  2. <desc>
4. E
  1. <ellipse>
5. F
6. G
7. H
  1. <hkern>
8. I
  1. <image>
9. J-L
  1. <line>
  2. <linearGradient>
10. M
11. N-P
12. Q-R
  1. <radialGradient>
  2. <rect>
13. S
  1. <script>
  2. <set>
  3. <stop>
  4. <style>
  5. <svg>
  6. <switch>
  7. <symbol>
14. T
15. U
  1. <use>
16. V-Z
  1. <view>
  2. <vkern>

The viewBox attribute defines the position and dimension, in user space, of an SVG viewport.

The value of the viewBox attribute is a list of four numbers: min-x, min-y, width and height. The numbers separated by whitespace and/or a comma, which specify a rectangle in user space which is mapped to the bounds of the viewport established for the associated SVG element (not the browser viewport).

You can use this attribute with the following SVG elements:

Example

html,body,svg { height:100% }
svg:not(:root) { display: inline-block; }

<svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <!--
  with relative unit such as percentage, the visual size
  of the square looks unchanged regardless of the viewBox
  -->
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%"/>

  <!--
  with a large viewBox the circle looks small
  as it is using user units for the r attribute:
  4 resolved against 100 as set in the viewBox
  -->
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white"/>
</svg>

<svg viewBox="0 0 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <!--
  with relative unit such as percentage, the visual size
  of the square looks unchanged regardless of the viewBox
  -->
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%"/>

  <!--
  with a small viewBox the circle looks large
  as it is using user units for the r attribute:
  4 resolved against 10 as set in the viewBox
  -->
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white"/>
</svg>

<svg viewBox="-5 -5 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <!--
  The point of coordinate 0,0 is now in the center of the viewport,
  and 100% is still resolve to a width or height of 10 user units so
  the rectangle looks shifted to the bottom/right corner of the viewport
  -->
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%"/>

  <!--
  With the point of coordinate 0,0 in the center of the viewport the
  value 50% is resolve to 5 which means the center of the circle is
  in the bottom/right corner of the viewport.
  -->
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white"/>
</svg>

The exact effect of this attribute is influenced by the preserveAspectRatio attribute.

Note: Values for width or height lower or equal to 0 disable rendering of the element.

marker

For <marker>, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <marker> element.

Value	<number>?, <number>?, <number>?, <number>
Default value	none
Animatable	Yes

pattern

For <pattern>, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the pattern tile.

Value	<number>?, <number>?, <number>?, <number>
Default value	none
Animatable	Yes

svg

For <svg>, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <svg> element.

Value	<number>?, <number>?, <number>?, <number>
Default value	none
Animatable	Yes

symbol

For <symbol>, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <symbol> element.

Value	<number>?, <number>?, <number>?, <number>
Default value	none
Animatable	Yes

view

For <view>, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <view> element.

Value	<number>?, <number>?, <number>?, <number>
Default value	none
Animatable	Yes

Specifications

Specification	Status	Comment
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 2 The definition of 'viewBox' in that specification.	Candidate Recommendation
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) 1.1 (Second Edition) The definition of 'viewBox' in that specification.	Recommendation	Initial definition